In this paper, the extraction, separation and analysis methods of polypeptide in recent years are reviewed, including the latest application of HPLC, electrophoresis, mass spectrometry and NMR in peptide research.
Keywords polypeptide, separation, analysis, progress
Polypeptide compounds exist widely in nature, and the research on polypeptides with certain biological activities has been a main direction of drug development. The known active polypeptides in vivo are mainly produced or obtained from endocrine gland tissues and organs, secretory cells and body fluids.
Cell differentiation, neurotransmitter regulation, tumor lesions and immune regulation in life activities are closely related to the active polypeptides. With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the way to obtain peptide from natural products has been improved. With the application of some new methods and new ideas, new peptides have been found to be used in disease prevention and treatment. This paper introduces the main methods of peptide separation and analysis in recent years.
1、 separation method
What kind of separation and purification method should be adopted depends on the extracted tissue material and the nature of the substance to be extracted. The commonly used methods for extraction and separation of proteins and peptides include salting out, ultrafiltration, gel filtration, isoelectric precipitation, ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, adsorption chromatography, counter current dissolving, enzymatic hydrolysis, and so on [1].
These methods are often combined to separate and purify specific substances. At the same time, these methods are also commonly used in protein and peptide analysis, such as chromatography, electrophoresis and so on.
2、 high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
The emergence of HPLC provides a favorable method for peptide separation, because compared with other compounds, the application of HPLC in protein and peptide can not only complete the separation purpose in a short time, but also produce bioactive peptides on a large scale.
Therefore, many scholars have done a lot of work to find the best conditions for the separation and preparation of peptides. How to keep the activity of peptide, how to choose the material of stationary phase, the type of eluent and how to analyze and determine are all the research contents at present.
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