China Biotechnology Network
Release time: 06-1618:18 Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
The interaction between donor stem cells and non synonymous single nucleotide variants (snvs) of recipient mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can trigger allograft immune response and transplantation rejection. Whether MT snvs can trigger the alloimmune response in organ transplantation is still unknown, especially in the background of immune dominant human leukocyte antigen mismatch.
Recently, a paper entitled donor derived mitochondrial DNA variant peptides elicit allo specific immune response intra patients was published on the biorxiv platform. This study detected mtDNA SNV and tested whether donor derived mitochondrial peptide triggered allo immune response in organ transplantation. The results showed that after solid organ transplantation, MTP from donor triggered allogeneic immune response.
In order to count and compare snvs between donor and recipient (D-R) lung transplantation pairs, the researchers sequenced the mtDNA of 163 lung transplant recipients and their organ donors, and analyzed the snvs of each D-R pair. The team synthesized peptides from the donor’s mitochondrial gene coding region. IFN – γ release from peripheral monocytes was measured by ELISPOT assay to detect the allogeneic immune response. To test whether similar phenomena occur in other solid organ transplants, the team also analyzed 19 heart transplant D-R pairs.
Finally, the researchers determined a median of 39 mtDNA snvs (IQR = 32-53) for each pair of D-R lung transplantation pairs, of which six (IQR = 4-9) snvs were non synonymous. Snvs are mainly located in mt-cyb, mt-atp6 and mt-nd3 genes. The release of IFN γ induced by MT peptide from donor was 19.8 times higher than that induced by receptor derived peptide. At the same time, a similar situation was observed in heart transplant patients.
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